Dislocation of the thumb: Types, diagnosis, treatment

Thumb dislocation can involve joint of the thumb. Until we know more about this injury, it is essential to know a little bit of Anatomy of an inch.

Every inch is made up of three bones and two joints. The bones are

Distal metacarpal PhalaynxProximal Phalaynx1st

The joints are

Inter-phalangeal or joint IP between the proximal and distal phalaynx.Phalangeal, Metacarpo or MP joint between the 1st metacarpal and the proximal phalanx.

The joints of the thumb are held stable structures fibrous tough called ligaments and the articular capsule. They are attached to bones on each side of the joint. When a disturbed spouse these structures are torn.

As the thumb has two joints so that there can be two types of dislocations thumb.

Inter-phalangeal or joint IP of the phalanges dislocationMetacarpo or MP joint dislocation

Joint dislocations IP are less common than joint dislocations of MP. These changes are generally associated with a fracture. This disruption of fracture may be a type with the extensor tendon mallet carrying a bone chip and other bones disrupting to the surface (finger print) Palmer.

The other upheavals fracture occurs when the flexor tendon takes a crack away and the remaining bones disturbed to the dorsal surface (finger nail). This condition requires surgical intervention or still active flexion of the thumb will be lost.

Mallet type thumb fracture dislocations are treated in the same way as the mallet finger.

Fracture dislocation Mallet is the most common of dislocation of the thumb type.

Pure dislocation of IP with out a fracture is a rare injury. It is caused by a fall on the thumb. The skin may be torn and exposed bones. These shocks are usually to the dorsal surface (finger nail).

In the pure IP dislocations thumb remains extended and there is inability to make use of the joint. Diagnosis can be confirmed by x-ray x.Le treatment is a realignment of the articulation. Realignment may be tensile and bending. Splint can be used to maintain the reduction. Usually, splint is not necessary that the joint is stable after redesign.

Below are photographs of a patient with the breakup of the intellectual property before and after the realignment.

The highest photo shows a dislocation of the left IP joint of the thumb. The patient is unable to Flex his spouse IP on the left side. The second photo shows the presence of abnormal scoring on the front of the thumb dislocated by the binding of the skin.

The third photo is after redesign. It can now flexible left thumb. The final photo shows the abnormal loss of the crease. Here is an x-ray of the same patient.

The joint MP disturbed more often towards the rear or aft. This type of injury is usually caused by a force which tends to hyper-étendre the joint.

These changes are of two types

Simple dislocations can be easily corrected by single manipulation. After the breakup of the proximal phalaynx is located at 90 degrees to the metacarpal. Relocation is performed by moving the metacarpal head back phalaynx.

Complex dislocations can not be reduced by only manipulation. They require surgery. Surgery is necessary because a part of the articular capsule called the volar plate gets taken to the trap in the joint. This prevents the reduction. During surgery, the capsule between bone is removed and relocated the articulation.

Sometimes complex dislocations may reduce handling. If before surgery the surgeon tent relocation by manipulation after the patient is anesthetized.

After the surgery, the joint is generally stable. Movement can be started as soon as the pain decreases. Sometimes splinting of the thumb may be required.

Are common complications observed after this dislocation

Stiffness of jointChronic in the joint pain

This below is an x-ray of a young woman who has suffered a dislocation complex thumb in a martial arts tournament when his opponent has slammed a kick on his thumb. The surgery was necessary to correct the situation.

I hope that the information provided was useful. If you have any query you can ask me to contact me page.

This page was last updated on October 22, 2010.

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